TY - JOUR
T1 - Thermal and driven noise in Brillouin lasers
AU - Dallyn, John H.
AU - Liu, Kaikai
AU - Harrington, Mark W.
AU - Brodnik, Grant M.
AU - Rakich, Peter T.
AU - Blumenthal, Daniel J.
AU - Behunin, Ryan O.
N1 - Funding Information:
This material is supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (FA9453-19-C-0030) and the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (DE-AR0001042). The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing official policies of DARPA, ARPA-E, or the U.S. Government or any agency thereof.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Physical Society.
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Owing to their highly coherent emission and compact form factor, Brillouin lasers have been identified as a valuable asset for applications including portable atomic clocks, precision sensors, coherent microwave synthesis, and energy-efficient approaches to coherent communications. While the fundamental emission linewidth of these lasers can be very narrow, noise within dielectric materials leads to drift in the carrier frequency, posing vexing challenges for applications requiring ultrastable emission. A unified understanding of Brillouin laser performance may provide critical insights to reach new levels of frequency stability; however, existing noise models focus on only one or a few key noise sources, and do not capture the thermo-optic drift in the laser frequency produced by thermal fluctuations or absorbed power. Here, we develop a coupled-mode theory of Brillouin laser dynamics that accounts for dominant forms of noise in noncrystalline systems, capturing the salient features of the frequency and intensity noise for a variety of systems. As a result, theory and experiment can be directly compared to identify key sources of noise and the frequency bands they impact, revealing strategies to improve the performance of Brillouin lasers and pave the way for highly coherent sources of light on a chip.
AB - Owing to their highly coherent emission and compact form factor, Brillouin lasers have been identified as a valuable asset for applications including portable atomic clocks, precision sensors, coherent microwave synthesis, and energy-efficient approaches to coherent communications. While the fundamental emission linewidth of these lasers can be very narrow, noise within dielectric materials leads to drift in the carrier frequency, posing vexing challenges for applications requiring ultrastable emission. A unified understanding of Brillouin laser performance may provide critical insights to reach new levels of frequency stability; however, existing noise models focus on only one or a few key noise sources, and do not capture the thermo-optic drift in the laser frequency produced by thermal fluctuations or absorbed power. Here, we develop a coupled-mode theory of Brillouin laser dynamics that accounts for dominant forms of noise in noncrystalline systems, capturing the salient features of the frequency and intensity noise for a variety of systems. As a result, theory and experiment can be directly compared to identify key sources of noise and the frequency bands they impact, revealing strategies to improve the performance of Brillouin lasers and pave the way for highly coherent sources of light on a chip.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.043506
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.043506
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129049772
SN - 2469-9926
VL - 105
JO - Physical Review A
JF - Physical Review A
IS - 4
M1 - 043506
ER -