TY - JOUR
T1 - The megabiota are disproportionately important for biosphere functioning
AU - Enquist, Brian J.
AU - Abraham, Andrew J.
AU - Harfoot, Michael B.J.
AU - Malhi, Yadvinder
AU - Doughty, Christopher E.
N1 - Funding Information:
B.J.E., Y.M., M.B.J.H. and C.E.D. thank the Gordon Research Conference on Metabolic Ecology for providing the atmosphere to help generate the early seeds of the ideas that spurred this work. We thank members of the Enquist Lab for feedback on early discussion of these ideas. C.E.D. and A.J.A. acknowledge funding by NASA award 16-HW16_2-0025 and a Google Earth Engine research award, Y.M. by the Jackson Foundation. M.B.J.H. by a KR Foundation grant FP-1503-01714, and B.J.E. by NSF award DEB 1457812. B.J.E. was also supported by a Visiting Professorship Grant from the Leverhulme Trust, UK and an Oxford Martin School Fellowship.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - A prominent signal of the Anthropocene is the extinction and population reduction of the megabiota—the largest animals and plants on the planet. However, we lack a predictive framework for the sensitivity of megabiota during times of rapid global change and how they impact the functioning of ecosystems and the biosphere. Here, we extend metabolic scaling theory and use global simulation models to demonstrate that (i) megabiota are more prone to extinction due to human land use, hunting, and climate change; (ii) loss of megabiota has a negative impact on ecosystem metabolism and functioning; and (iii) their reduction has and will continue to significantly decrease biosphere functioning. Global simulations show that continued loss of large animals alone could lead to a 44%, 18% and 92% reduction in terrestrial heterotrophic biomass, metabolism, and fertility respectively. Our findings suggest that policies that emphasize the promotion of large trees and animals will have disproportionate impact on biodiversity, ecosystem processes, and climate mitigation.
AB - A prominent signal of the Anthropocene is the extinction and population reduction of the megabiota—the largest animals and plants on the planet. However, we lack a predictive framework for the sensitivity of megabiota during times of rapid global change and how they impact the functioning of ecosystems and the biosphere. Here, we extend metabolic scaling theory and use global simulation models to demonstrate that (i) megabiota are more prone to extinction due to human land use, hunting, and climate change; (ii) loss of megabiota has a negative impact on ecosystem metabolism and functioning; and (iii) their reduction has and will continue to significantly decrease biosphere functioning. Global simulations show that continued loss of large animals alone could lead to a 44%, 18% and 92% reduction in terrestrial heterotrophic biomass, metabolism, and fertility respectively. Our findings suggest that policies that emphasize the promotion of large trees and animals will have disproportionate impact on biodiversity, ecosystem processes, and climate mitigation.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-020-14369-y
DO - 10.1038/s41467-020-14369-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 32019918
AN - SCOPUS:85078885672
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 11
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 699
ER -