@article{ceb19f7b184146b487eb54d9ff8e92bd,
title = "The international sinonasal microbiome study: A multicentre, multinational characterization of sinonasal bacterial ecology",
abstract = "The sinonasal microbiome remains poorly defined, with our current knowledge based on a few cohort studies whose findings are inconsistent. Furthermore, the variability of the sinus microbiome across geographical divides remains unexplored. We characterize the sinonasal microbiome and its geographical variations in both health and disease using 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 410 individuals from across the world. Although the sinus microbial ecology is highly variable between individuals, we identify a core microbiome comprised of Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus and Moraxella species in both healthy and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) cohorts. Corynebacterium (mean relative abundance = 44.02%) and Staphylococcus (mean relative abundance = 27.34%) appear particularly dominant in the majority of patients sampled. Amongst patients suffering from CRS with nasal polyps, a statistically significant reduction in relative abundance of Corynebacterium (40.29% vs 50.43%; P =.02) was identified. Despite some measured differences in microbiome composition and diversity between some of the participating centres in our cohort, these differences would not alter the general pattern of core organisms described. Nevertheless, atypical or unusual organisms reported in short-read amplicon sequencing studies and that are not part of the core microbiome should be interpreted with caution. The delineation of the sinonasal microbiome and standardized methodology described within our study will enable further characterization and translational application of the sinus microbiota.",
keywords = "16S rRNA gene, chronic rhinosinusitis, microbiome, next-generation sequencing, sinus",
author = "Sathish Paramasivan and Ahmed Bassiouni and Arron Shiffer and Dillon, {Matthew R.} and Cope, {Emily K.} and Clare Cooksley and Mahnaz Ramezanpour and Sophia Moraitis and Ali, {Mohammad Javed} and Benjamin Bleier and Claudio Callejas and Cornet, {Marjolein E.} and Douglas, {Richard G.} and Daniel Dutra and Christos Georgalas and Harvey, {Richard J.} and Hwang, {Peter H.} and Luong, {Amber U.} and Schlosser, {Rodney J.} and Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn and Tewfik, {Marc A.} and Sarah Vreugde and Wormald, {Peter John} and Caporaso, {J. Gregory} and Psaltis, {Alkis J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Mohammad Javed Ali received royalties from Springer for his treatise “Principles and Practice of Lacrimal Surgery” and “Atlas of Lacrimal Drainage Disorders” and declared no conflict of interest relevant to this study; Ahmed Bassiouni, Clare Cooksley, Mahnaz Ramezanpour, Sophia Moraitis have no conflict of interest to declare; Benjamin Bleier received grant funding: R01 NS108968‐01 NIH/NINDS (Bleier PI), which is not relevant to this study, consultant for Gyrus ACMI Olympus, Canon, Karl Storz, Medtronic, and Sinopsys, equity: Cerebent, Inc, Arrinex, and has no conflict of interest to this study; Claudio Callejas has no conflict of interest to declare; J Gregory Caporaso, Matthew R Dillon, Arron Shiffer have no conflicts of interest to declare. This work was funded in part by National Science Foundation Award 1 565 100 to JGC; Emily K Cope received funding for this study, partially funded under the State of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund (TRIF), administered by the Arizona Board of Regents, through Northern Arizona University and has no relevant disclosures or COI; Marjolein E Cornet has no financial relationships or sponsors and no conflicts of interests; Richard G Douglas received consultancy fees from Lyra Therapeutics and is a consultant for Medtronic. These are not relevant to this study; Daniel Dutra, Christos Georgalas, Tivic and Sarah Vreugde have no conflict of interest to declare; Richard J Harvey consultant with Medtronic, Olympus and NeilMed pharmaceuticals. He has also been on the speakers{\textquoteright} bureau for Glaxo‐Smith‐Kline, Seqiris and Astra‐Zeneca and has no direct conflict of interest to declare; Peter H Hwang, financial relationships, consultancies with Arrinex, Bioinspire, Canon, Lyra Therapeutics, Medtronic; Amber U Luong serves as a consultant for Aerin Medical (Sunnyvale, CA), Arrinex (Redwood City, CA), Lyra Therapeutics (Watertown, MA) and Stryker (Kalamazoo, MI) and is on the advisory board for ENTvantage (Austin, TX), her department receives funding from Genetech/Roche (San Francisco, CA) and AstraZeneca (Cambridge, England) and no COI to declare related to this study; Sathish Paramasivan was supported by a Garnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial Foundation Academic Surgeon Scientist Research Scholarship and has no conflicts of interest to declare; Alkis J Psaltis consultant for Aerin Devices and ENT technologies and is on the speakers{\textquoteright} bureau for Smith and Nephew, received consultancy fees from Lyra Therapeutics, and these are not relevant to this study; Rodney J Schlosser received grant support from OptiNose, Entellus and IntersectENT (not relevant to this study) and consultant for Olympus, Meda and Arrinex (not relevant to this study); Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn has no financial disclosures or conflict of interest; Marc A Tewfik is a principal investigator: Sanofi, Roche/Genentech, AstraZeneca, speaker/consultant: Stryker, Ondine Biomedical, Novartis, MEDA, Mylan, Royalties for book sales: Thieme; Peter‐John Wormald receives royalties from Medtronic, Integra and Scopis and is a consultant for NeilMed. These are not relevant to this study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.",
year = "2020",
month = aug,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/all.14276",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "75",
pages = "2033--2045",
journal = "Acta Allergologica",
issn = "0105-4538",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "8",
}