TY - JOUR
T1 - Plant developmental stage influences responses of Pinus strobiformis seedlings to experimental warming
AU - Moler, Ehren Reid Von
AU - Kolb, Thomas
AU - Brady, Anne
AU - Palmiero, Briana Nicole
AU - Wallace, Taylor Robert
AU - Waring, Kristen Marie
AU - Whipple, Amy Vaughn
N1 - Funding Information:
This material is based on the work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. EF‐1442597 and EF‐1442456. We thank affiliates of the Southwest Experimental Garden Array and the Environmental Genetics and Genomics Laboratory at Northern Arizona University for use of equipment and lab‐space that enabled this work, and we thank Evan Heck (USDA Forest Service) for providing Figure 1 .
Funding Information:
This material is based on the work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants No. EF-1442597 and EF-1442456. We thank affiliates of the Southwest Experimental Garden Array and the Environmental Genetics and Genomics Laboratory at Northern Arizona University for use of equipment and lab-space that enabled this work, and we thank Evan Heck (USDA Forest Service) for providing Figure 1.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Plant-Environment Interactions Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and New Phytologist Foundation.
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Seedling emergence, survival, morphological and physiological traits, and oxidative stress resistance of southwestern white pine (Pinus strobiformis Engelm.) were studied in response to warming treatments applied during embryogenesis, germination, and early seedling growth. Daytime air temperature surrounding cones in tree canopies was warmed by +2.1°C during embryo development. Resulting seeds and seedlings were assigned to three thermal regimes in growth chambers, with each regime separated by 4°C to encompass the wide range of temperatures observed over space and time across the species’ range, plus the effect of heat waves coupled with a high carbon emissions scenario of climate warming. The embryo warming treatment reduced percent seedling emergence in all germination and growth environments and reduced mortality of seedlings grown in the warmest environment. Warm thermal regimes during early seedling growth increased subsequent seedling resistance to oxidative stress and transpirational water use. Experimental warming during seed development, germination, and seedling growth affected seedling emergence and survival. Oxidative stress resistance, morphology, and water relations were affected only by warming imposed during germination and seedling growth. This work explores potential outcomes of climate warming on multiple dimensions of seedling performance and uniquely illustrates that plant responses to heat vary with plant developmental stage in addition to the magnitude of temperature change.
AB - Seedling emergence, survival, morphological and physiological traits, and oxidative stress resistance of southwestern white pine (Pinus strobiformis Engelm.) were studied in response to warming treatments applied during embryogenesis, germination, and early seedling growth. Daytime air temperature surrounding cones in tree canopies was warmed by +2.1°C during embryo development. Resulting seeds and seedlings were assigned to three thermal regimes in growth chambers, with each regime separated by 4°C to encompass the wide range of temperatures observed over space and time across the species’ range, plus the effect of heat waves coupled with a high carbon emissions scenario of climate warming. The embryo warming treatment reduced percent seedling emergence in all germination and growth environments and reduced mortality of seedlings grown in the warmest environment. Warm thermal regimes during early seedling growth increased subsequent seedling resistance to oxidative stress and transpirational water use. Experimental warming during seed development, germination, and seedling growth affected seedling emergence and survival. Oxidative stress resistance, morphology, and water relations were affected only by warming imposed during germination and seedling growth. This work explores potential outcomes of climate warming on multiple dimensions of seedling performance and uniquely illustrates that plant responses to heat vary with plant developmental stage in addition to the magnitude of temperature change.
KW - acclimation
KW - chlorophyll fluorescence
KW - climate change
KW - embryogenesis
KW - growth tradeoffs
KW - heat wave
KW - in situ warming
KW - oxidative stress
KW - pine
KW - seedling
KW - water relations physiology
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U2 - 10.1002/pei3.10055
DO - 10.1002/pei3.10055
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85117139987
SN - 2575-6265
VL - 2
SP - 148
EP - 164
JO - Plant-Environment Interactions
JF - Plant-Environment Interactions
IS - 3
ER -