Mycorrhizas: At the Interface of Biological, Soil, and Earth Sciences

Mycorrhizas are among the most widespread and ancient symbioses on Earth. These plant-fungus associations improve nutrition and water relations of most plants. This chapter introduces key features of four main types of mycorrhizas: arbuscular, ericoid, and orchid mycorrhizas, and ectomycorrhizas. The published literature on mycorrhizas has evolved over time. During the past 130. years, the study of mycorrhizas has progressed from descriptions of their nutritional benefits to recognition of their: (1) importance as components of soil fertility, (2) role in structuring and stabilizing soils, and (3) importance for below-ground carbon storage. This book provides a unique perspective of mycorrhizal research advances at the interface of biological, soil, and earth sciences. Its 26 chapters review and synthesize the burgeoning literature about mycorrhizas by bringing together the perspectives and expertise of more than 50 mycorrhizal experts, including some of the pioneers in the field.