@inbook{7833c34f3d3e4c22a31c55239c7ef10a,
title = "Mineralization of riparian vegetation buried by the 1996 controlled flood",
abstract = "Geochemical composition of beach groundwater, surface backwaters in return-current channels, and mainstem waters were measured before, during, and after the 1996 controlled flood in Grand Canyon. Similar, distinctive geochemical environments in return-channel sediments, back beach, and beach front positions within a reattachment-bar complex occurred at all study bars. The flood buried autochthonous vegetation at the study sites, resulting in significant increases in dissolved C, N, and P in beach groundwater and in surface backwaters. The trends observed in individual wells and site averages include measurable increases in dissolved ammonium, non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), and orthophosphate. Large standard errors resulted from large variation in concentrations between wells produced by their differing geomorphic settings. When comparing changes between pre-and post-flood samples from the same site, only DO, NPOC, and dissolved orthophosphate were significant. The largest pre-to post-flood changes occurred on a seasonal time scale. The magnitudes of seasonal changes following flooding were large compared to natural seasonal changes in nutrient concentrations previously observed. The nutrient composition changes occurring in groundwater and backwaters were not directly reflected in mainstem water compositions, although increases in mainstem primary productivity during high flows following the flood did correlate with periods of high nutrient concentrations in beach groundwater.",
author = "Parnell, {Roderic A.} and Bennett, {Jeffrey B.} and Stevens, {Lawrence E.}",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments. This work was supported by contracts to the authors from the Bureau of Reclamation, Glen Canyon Environmental Studies, and Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center. Discussions with Matt Kaplinski, Dick Marzolf, Joe Shannon, Dave Wegner, and Mike Yard helped to focus the study and improve our interpretations. The authors appreciate the cooperation of personnel from Grand Canyon National Park and Glen Canyon National Recreation Area in permitting this research. Valuable field assistance came from many including Chris Black, Betsy Gilbert, John Malussa, Sarah Rogers, Kirsten Rowell, Dana Strength and Amy Welty. The manuscript profited from the thoughtful comments contributed by two anonymous reviewers. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1999 by the American Geophysical Union.",
year = "1999",
doi = "10.1029/GM110p0225",
language = "English (US)",
isbn = "9780875900933",
series = "Geophysical Monograph Series",
publisher = "Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
pages = "225--239",
editor = "Webb, {Robert H.} and {Richard Marzolf}, G. and Schmidt, {John C.} and Valdez, {Richard A.}",
booktitle = "The Controlled Flood in Grand Canyon, 1999",
}