@article{410ca6ea789048869716fecd2d6fa038,
title = "Matrix Approach to Accelerate Spin-Up of CLM5",
abstract = "Numerical models have been developed to investigate and understand responses of biogeochemical cycle to global changes. Steady state, when a system is in dynamic equilibrium, is generally required to initialize these model simulations. However, the spin-up process that is used to achieve steady state pose a great burden to computational resources, limiting the efficiency of global modeling analysis on biogeochemical cycles. This study introduces a new Semi-Analytical Spin-Up (SASU) to tackle this grand challenge. We applied SASU to Community Land Model version 5 and examined its computational efficiency and accuracy. At the Brazil site, SASU is computationally 7 times more efficient than (or saved up to 86% computational cost in comparison with) the traditional native dynamics (ND) spin-up to reach the same steady state. Globally, SASU is computationally 8 times more efficient than the accelerated decomposition spin-up and 50 times more efficient than ND. In summary, SASU achieves the highest computational efficiency for spin-up on site and globally in comparison with other spin-up methods. It is generalizable to wide biogeochemical models and thus makes computationally costly studies (e.g., parameter perturbation ensemble analysis and data assimilation) possible for a better understanding of biogeochemical cycle under climate change.",
keywords = "carbon cycle, spin-up, terrestrial biogeochemistry model",
author = "Cuijuan Liao and Xingjie Lu and Yuanyuan Huang and Feng Tao and Lawrence, {David M.} and Koven, {Charles D.} and Oleson, {Keith W.} and Wieder, {William R.} and Erik Kluzek and Xiaomeng Huang and Yiqi Luo",
note = "Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0195900, 2021YFC3101600, 2020YFA0607900, 2020YFA0608000) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42125503, 42075137). Contributions from YL to this work were financially supported by US National Science Foundation (DEB 1655499, DEB 2017884), US Department of Energy (DE‐SC0020227), and the subcontracts 4000158404 and 4000161830 from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The CESM project is supported primarily by the National Science Foundation (NSF). This material is based upon work supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is a major facility sponsored by the NSF under Cooperative Agreement No. 1852977. Computing and data storage resources, including the Cheyenne supercomputer ( https://doi.org/10.5065/D6RX99HX ), were provided by the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at NCAR. We thank all the scientists, software engineers, and administrators who contributed to the development of CESM2. Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0195900, 2021YFC3101600, 2020YFA0607900, 2020YFA0608000) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42125503, 42075137). Contributions from YL to this work were financially supported by US National Science Foundation (DEB 1655499, DEB 2017884), US Department of Energy (DE-SC0020227), and the subcontracts 4000158404 and 4000161830 from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The CESM project is supported primarily by the National Science Foundation (NSF). This material is based upon work supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is a major facility sponsored by the NSF under Cooperative Agreement No. 1852977. Computing and data storage resources, including the Cheyenne supercomputer (https://doi.org/10.5065/D6RX99HX), were provided by the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at NCAR. We thank all the scientists, software engineers, and administrators who contributed to the development of CESM2. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.",
year = "2023",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1029/2023MS003625",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "15",
journal = "Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems",
issn = "1942-2466",
publisher = "American Geophysical Union",
number = "8",
}