TY - JOUR
T1 - Intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal are diverse and pervasive
AU - Schupp, Eugene W.
AU - Zwolak, Rafal
AU - Jones, Landon R.
AU - Snell, Rebecca S.
AU - Beckman, Noelle G.
AU - Aslan, Clare
AU - Cavazos, Brittany R.
AU - Effiom, Edu
AU - Fricke, Evan C.
AU - Montaño-Centellas, Flavia
AU - Poulsen, John
AU - Razafindratsima, Onja H.
AU - Sandor, Manette E.
AU - Shea, Katriona
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company.
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - There is growing realization that intraspecific variation in seed dispersal can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. However, we do not have a good understanding of the drivers or causes of intraspecific variation in dispersal, how strong an effect these drivers have, and how widespread they are across dispersal modes. As a first step to developing a better understanding, we present a broad, but not exhaustive, review of what is known about the drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, and what remains uncertain. We start by decomposing 'drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal' into intrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in traits of individual plants) and extrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in ecological context). For intrinsic traits, we further decompose intraspecific variation into variation among individuals and variation of trait values within individuals. We then review our understanding of the major intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, with an emphasis on variation among individuals. Crop size is the best-supported and best-understood intrinsic driver of variation across dispersal modes; overall, more seeds are dispersed as more seeds are produced, even in cases where per seed dispersal rates decline. Fruit/seed size is the second most widely studied intrinsic driver, and is also relevant to a broad range of seed dispersal modes. Remaining intrinsic drivers are poorly understood, and range from effects that are probably widespread, such as plant height, to drivers that are most likely sporadic, such as fruit or seed colour polymorphism. Primary extrinsic drivers of variation in seed dispersal include local environmental conditions and habitat structure. Finally, we present a selection of outstanding questions as a starting point to advance our understanding of individual variation in seed dispersal.
AB - There is growing realization that intraspecific variation in seed dispersal can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. However, we do not have a good understanding of the drivers or causes of intraspecific variation in dispersal, how strong an effect these drivers have, and how widespread they are across dispersal modes. As a first step to developing a better understanding, we present a broad, but not exhaustive, review of what is known about the drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, and what remains uncertain. We start by decomposing 'drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal' into intrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in traits of individual plants) and extrinsic drivers (i.e. variation in ecological context). For intrinsic traits, we further decompose intraspecific variation into variation among individuals and variation of trait values within individuals. We then review our understanding of the major intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of intraspecific variation in seed dispersal, with an emphasis on variation among individuals. Crop size is the best-supported and best-understood intrinsic driver of variation across dispersal modes; overall, more seeds are dispersed as more seeds are produced, even in cases where per seed dispersal rates decline. Fruit/seed size is the second most widely studied intrinsic driver, and is also relevant to a broad range of seed dispersal modes. Remaining intrinsic drivers are poorly understood, and range from effects that are probably widespread, such as plant height, to drivers that are most likely sporadic, such as fruit or seed colour polymorphism. Primary extrinsic drivers of variation in seed dispersal include local environmental conditions and habitat structure. Finally, we present a selection of outstanding questions as a starting point to advance our understanding of individual variation in seed dispersal.
KW - Crop size
KW - fruit size
KW - interindividual variation
KW - intraindividual variation
KW - seed dispersal effectiveness
KW - seed dispersal traits
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070479805&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85070479805&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/aobpla/plz067
DO - 10.1093/aobpla/plz067
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85070479805
SN - 2041-2851
VL - 11
JO - AoB PLANTS
JF - AoB PLANTS
IS - 6
M1 - plz067
ER -