Greater temperature sensitivity of plant phenology at colder sites: implications for convergence across northern latitudes

Janet Prevéy, Mark Vellend, Nadja Rüger, Robert D. Hollister, Anne D. Bjorkman, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Karin Clark, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Bo Elberling, Anna M. Fosaa, Gregory H.R. Henry, Toke T. Høye, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Kari Klanderud, Esther Lévesque, Marguerite Mauritz, Ulf Molau, Susan M. Natali, Steven F. OberbauerZoe A. Panchen, Eric Post, Sabine B. Rumpf, Niels M. Schmidt, Edward A.G. Schuur, Phillip R. Semenchuk, Tiffany Troxler, Jeffrey M. Welker, Christian Rixen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

179 Scopus citations

Abstract

Warmer temperatures are accelerating the phenology of organisms around the world. Temperature sensitivity of phenology might be greater in colder, higher latitude sites than in warmer regions, in part because small changes in temperature constitute greater relative changes in thermal balance at colder sites. To test this hypothesis, we examined up to 20 years of phenology data for 47 tundra plant species at 18 high-latitude sites along a climatic gradient. Across all species, the timing of leaf emergence and flowering was more sensitive to a given increase in summer temperature at colder than warmer high-latitude locations. A similar pattern was seen over time for the flowering phenology of a widespread species, Cassiope tetragona. These are among the first results highlighting differential phenological responses of plants across a climatic gradient and suggest the possibility of convergence in flowering times and therefore an increase in gene flow across latitudes as the climate warms.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2660-2671
Number of pages12
JournalGlobal change biology
Volume23
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2017

Keywords

  • Arctic
  • Cassiope tetragona
  • International Tundra Experiment
  • climate change
  • climatic gradient
  • flowering
  • latitude
  • tundra

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Global and Planetary Change
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Ecology
  • General Environmental Science

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