TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of ammonia on in vitro diaphragmatic contractility, fatigue and recovery
AU - Shanely, R. Andrew
AU - Coast, J. Richard
PY - 2002/12/12
Y1 - 2002/12/12
N2 - Background: Following strenuous exercise, in vivo diaphragmatic strength has been reported to decrease. This decrease has been suggested to result from an increase in metabolic by-products of intense exercise. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that physiological NH3 concentrations adversely affect diaphragmatic contractility, fatigability, and recovery. Methods: Rat diaphragm strips were exposed to one of six experimental conditions (n = 6 per condition): Krebs-Ringer control solution, or the control solution with NH3 added (in mM): 0.11, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, or 14.0. Initial diaphragmatic contractility was assessed with the force-frequency response in the control solution. Following the first force-frequency response, the solution was replaced with one of the six solutions and a second force-frequency response was measured. Strips were then subjected to a short fatigue protocol and contractility was reassessed with a third force-frequency response. A longer fatigue protocol was then administered, followed by a 20-min recovery assessment period. Results: Ammonia significantly (p < 0.05) reduced diaphragmatic contractility, but only at concentrations of 5 mM or greater. Additionally, ammonia did not alter the rate of fatigue. Conclusions: This study suggests that physiological NH3 concentrations do not adversely affect in vitro diaphragmatic contractility, fatigue, or recovery. These data are not consistent with diaphragmatic fatigue associated with exercise induced by arterial concentrations of NH3 seen in humans, although further testing in situ or in vivo is needed.
AB - Background: Following strenuous exercise, in vivo diaphragmatic strength has been reported to decrease. This decrease has been suggested to result from an increase in metabolic by-products of intense exercise. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that physiological NH3 concentrations adversely affect diaphragmatic contractility, fatigability, and recovery. Methods: Rat diaphragm strips were exposed to one of six experimental conditions (n = 6 per condition): Krebs-Ringer control solution, or the control solution with NH3 added (in mM): 0.11, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, or 14.0. Initial diaphragmatic contractility was assessed with the force-frequency response in the control solution. Following the first force-frequency response, the solution was replaced with one of the six solutions and a second force-frequency response was measured. Strips were then subjected to a short fatigue protocol and contractility was reassessed with a third force-frequency response. A longer fatigue protocol was then administered, followed by a 20-min recovery assessment period. Results: Ammonia significantly (p < 0.05) reduced diaphragmatic contractility, but only at concentrations of 5 mM or greater. Additionally, ammonia did not alter the rate of fatigue. Conclusions: This study suggests that physiological NH3 concentrations do not adversely affect in vitro diaphragmatic contractility, fatigue, or recovery. These data are not consistent with diaphragmatic fatigue associated with exercise induced by arterial concentrations of NH3 seen in humans, although further testing in situ or in vivo is needed.
KW - Diaphragm
KW - Exercise
KW - Metabolite
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U2 - 10.1159/000066459
DO - 10.1159/000066459
M3 - Article
C2 - 12457007
AN - SCOPUS:0036446250
SN - 0025-7931
VL - 69
SP - 534
EP - 541
JO - Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Tuberkulose. Revue suisse de la
JF - Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Tuberkulose. Revue suisse de la
IS - 6
ER -