Dispositional mindfulness and trauma symptom severity associated with uptake of mindfulness practice among women in treatment for substance use disorder

Objective: This study assessed the preintervention predictors of participant initial satisfaction and uptake of mindfulness practices during an MBI (Moment-by-Moment in Women’s Recovery). Methods: Data from 100 women (M_age = 32.38 years, 60% Latina) in residential SUD treatment randomly assigned to the MBI were used to assess baseline participant demographics and clinical characteristics and three acceptability variables (satisfaction and formal and informal mindfulness practice) after the second and third of 12 intervention sessions, respectively. Results: Multiple linear regression analyses found that the frequency of formal mindfulness practice was associated with preintervention mindfulness disposition (β = 0.245, p < .05) and age (β = .266, p < .05; R ² = .137, F[4, 77] = 3.047, p < .05). The frequency of informal mindfulness practice was associated with preintervention mindfulness disposition (β = .239, p < .05), and preintervention trauma symptom severity was significant (β = .226, p < .05; R ² = .139, F[4, 77] = 3.116, p < .05). Conclusions: It is important to consider participant, and intervention characteristics may be associated with participant adoption of intervention teachings and practices early in intervention implementation. Identifying these characteristics and adapting the intervention accordingly is necessary for the long-term goal of improving intervention acceptability among vulnerable populations at high risk of treatment dropout.