COMPARING DIRECT CARBONATE and STANDARD GRAPHITE 14C DETERMINATIONS of BIOGENIC CARBONATES

Jordon Bright; Chris Ebert; Matthew A. Kosnik; John R. Southon; Katherine Whitacre; Paolo G. Albano; Carola Flores; Thomas K. Frazer; Quan Hua; Michal Kowalewski; Julieta C. Martinelli; David Oakley; Wesley G. Parker; Michael Retelle; Matias Do Nascimento Ritter; Marcelo M. Rivadeneira; Daniele Scarponi; Yurena Yanes; Martin Zuschin; Darrell S. Kaufman

doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.131

COMPARING DIRECT CARBONATE and STANDARD GRAPHITE ¹⁴C DETERMINATIONS of BIOGENIC CARBONATES

Jordon Bright, Chris Ebert, Matthew A. Kosnik, John R. Southon, Katherine Whitacre, Paolo G. Albano, Carola Flores, Thomas K. Frazer, Quan Hua, Michal Kowalewski, Julieta C. Martinelli, David Oakley, Wesley G. Parker, Michael Retelle, Matias Do Nascimento Ritter, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, Daniele Scarponi, Yurena Yanes, Martin Zuschin, Darrell S. Kaufman

Earth and Sustainability

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

The direct carbonate procedure for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating of submilligram samples of biogenic carbonate without graphitization is becoming widely used in a variety of studies. We compare the results of 153 paired direct carbonate and standard graphite 14C determinations on single specimens of an assortment of biogenic carbonates. A reduced major axis regression shows a strong relationship between direct carbonate and graphite percent Modern Carbon (pMC) values (m = 0.996; 95% CI [0.991-1.001]). An analysis of differences and a 95% confidence interval on pMC values reveals that there is no significant difference between direct carbonate and graphite pMC values for 76% of analyzed specimens, although variation in direct carbonate pMC is underestimated. The difference between the two methods is typically within 2 pMC, with 61% of direct carbonate pMC measurements being higher than their paired graphite counterpart. Of the 36 specimens that did yield significant differences, all but three missed the 95% significance threshold by 1.2 pMC or less. These results show that direct carbonate 14C dating of biogenic carbonates is a cost-effective and efficient complement to standard graphite 14C dating.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	387-403
Number of pages	17
Journal	Radiocarbon
Volume	63
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.131
State	Published - Apr 2021

Keywords

biogenic carbonate
direct carbonate C AMS
standard graphite C AMS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Archaeology
General Earth and Planetary Sciences

Access to Document

10.1017/RDC.2020.131

Cite this

Bright, J., Ebert, C., Kosnik, M. A., Southon, J. R., Whitacre, K., Albano, P. G., Flores, C., Frazer, T. K., Hua, Q., Kowalewski, M., Martinelli, J. C., Oakley, D., Parker, W. G., Retelle, M., Do Nascimento Ritter, M., Rivadeneira, M. M., Scarponi, D., Yanes, Y., Zuschin, M., & Kaufman, D. S. (2021). COMPARING DIRECT CARBONATE and STANDARD GRAPHITE ¹⁴C DETERMINATIONS of BIOGENIC CARBONATES. Radiocarbon, 63(2), 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.131

Bright, J, Ebert, C, Kosnik, MA, Southon, JR, Whitacre, K, Albano, PG, Flores, C, Frazer, TK, Hua, Q, Kowalewski, M, Martinelli, JC, Oakley, D, Parker, WG, Retelle, M, Do Nascimento Ritter, M, Rivadeneira, MM, Scarponi, D, Yanes, Y, Zuschin, M & Kaufman, DS 2021, 'COMPARING DIRECT CARBONATE and STANDARD GRAPHITE ¹⁴C DETERMINATIONS of BIOGENIC CARBONATES', Radiocarbon, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 387-403. https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.131

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abstract = "The direct carbonate procedure for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating of submilligram samples of biogenic carbonate without graphitization is becoming widely used in a variety of studies. We compare the results of 153 paired direct carbonate and standard graphite 14C determinations on single specimens of an assortment of biogenic carbonates. A reduced major axis regression shows a strong relationship between direct carbonate and graphite percent Modern Carbon (pMC) values (m = 0.996; 95% CI [0.991-1.001]). An analysis of differences and a 95% confidence interval on pMC values reveals that there is no significant difference between direct carbonate and graphite pMC values for 76% of analyzed specimens, although variation in direct carbonate pMC is underestimated. The difference between the two methods is typically within 2 pMC, with 61% of direct carbonate pMC measurements being higher than their paired graphite counterpart. Of the 36 specimens that did yield significant differences, all but three missed the 95% significance threshold by 1.2 pMC or less. These results show that direct carbonate 14C dating of biogenic carbonates is a cost-effective and efficient complement to standard graphite 14C dating.",

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N2 - The direct carbonate procedure for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating of submilligram samples of biogenic carbonate without graphitization is becoming widely used in a variety of studies. We compare the results of 153 paired direct carbonate and standard graphite 14C determinations on single specimens of an assortment of biogenic carbonates. A reduced major axis regression shows a strong relationship between direct carbonate and graphite percent Modern Carbon (pMC) values (m = 0.996; 95% CI [0.991-1.001]). An analysis of differences and a 95% confidence interval on pMC values reveals that there is no significant difference between direct carbonate and graphite pMC values for 76% of analyzed specimens, although variation in direct carbonate pMC is underestimated. The difference between the two methods is typically within 2 pMC, with 61% of direct carbonate pMC measurements being higher than their paired graphite counterpart. Of the 36 specimens that did yield significant differences, all but three missed the 95% significance threshold by 1.2 pMC or less. These results show that direct carbonate 14C dating of biogenic carbonates is a cost-effective and efficient complement to standard graphite 14C dating.

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