TY - JOUR
T1 - Chromium(III) picolinate produces chromosome damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells
AU - Stearns, Diane M.
AU - Wise, John P.
AU - Patierno, Steven R.
AU - Wetterhahn, Karen E.
PY - 1995
Y1 - 1995
N2 - Chromium(III) complexes currently being sold as dietary supplements were tested for their ability to cause chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Complexes were tested in soluble and particulate forms. Chromium picolinate was found to produce chromosome damage 3-fold to 18-fold above control levels for soluble doses of 0.050, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.0 mM after 24 h treatment. Particulate chromium picolinate doses of 8.0 μg/cm2 (corresponding to a 0.10 mM solublized dose) and 40 μg/cm2 (0.50 mM) produced aberrations 4-fold and 16-fold above control levels, respectively. Toxicity was measured as a decrease in plating efficiency relative to controls. The above treatments produced ≥ 86% survival for all doses except 1.0 mM chromium picolinate, which produced 69 ± 10% survival. Chromium nicotinate, nicotinic acid, and chromium(III) chloride hexahydrate did not produce chromosome damage at equivalent nontoxic doses. Damage was inferred to be caused by the picolinate ligand because picolinic acid in the absence of chromium was clastogenic. Data are evaluated in terms of their relevance to human exposure based on pharmacokinetic modeling of tissue accumulation and are discussed in terms of literature reporting toxic effects of picolinic acid.-.
AB - Chromium(III) complexes currently being sold as dietary supplements were tested for their ability to cause chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Complexes were tested in soluble and particulate forms. Chromium picolinate was found to produce chromosome damage 3-fold to 18-fold above control levels for soluble doses of 0.050, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.0 mM after 24 h treatment. Particulate chromium picolinate doses of 8.0 μg/cm2 (corresponding to a 0.10 mM solublized dose) and 40 μg/cm2 (0.50 mM) produced aberrations 4-fold and 16-fold above control levels, respectively. Toxicity was measured as a decrease in plating efficiency relative to controls. The above treatments produced ≥ 86% survival for all doses except 1.0 mM chromium picolinate, which produced 69 ± 10% survival. Chromium nicotinate, nicotinic acid, and chromium(III) chloride hexahydrate did not produce chromosome damage at equivalent nontoxic doses. Damage was inferred to be caused by the picolinate ligand because picolinic acid in the absence of chromium was clastogenic. Data are evaluated in terms of their relevance to human exposure based on pharmacokinetic modeling of tissue accumulation and are discussed in terms of literature reporting toxic effects of picolinic acid.-.
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U2 - 10.1096/fasebj.9.15.8529845
DO - 10.1096/fasebj.9.15.8529845
M3 - Article
C2 - 8529845
AN - SCOPUS:0029603641
SN - 0892-6638
VL - 9
SP - 1643
EP - 1649
JO - FASEB Journal
JF - FASEB Journal
IS - 15
ER -