TY - JOUR
T1 - A full 3D thermodynamic-based model for magnetic shape memory alloys
AU - LaMaster, Douglas H.
AU - Feigenbaum, Heidi P.
AU - Ciocanel, Constantin
AU - Nelson, Isaac D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation (grant numbers 0923517 and 1101108).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2014.
PY - 2015/4/27
Y1 - 2015/4/27
N2 - Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) are interesting materials because they exhibit large recoverable strain (up to 10%) and fast response time (higher than 1 kHz). MSMAs are composed of martensitic variants with tetragonal unit cells and a magnetization vector that is approximately aligned with the short side of the unit cell in the absence of an external applied magnetic field. These variants reorient either to align the magnetization vector with an applied magnetic field or to align the short side of the unit cell with an applied compressive stress. This reorientation leads to a mechanical strain and an overall change in the material's magnetization, allowing MSMAs to be used as actuators, sensors, and power harvesters. This paper builds upon the work of Kiefer and Lagoudas as well as improvements proposed by LaMaster et al. to present a thermodynamic-based continuum model able to predict the response of an MSMA to any three-dimensional (3D) magneto-mechanical loading. The 3D nature of the model requires that the three variants, associated with the three axes of an MSMA single crystal, should all be allowed to evolve. In addition, this model includes evolution rules for the three magnetic domain volume fractions and the rotation of the direction of the magnetization vectors in each variant based on thermodynamic requirements.
AB - Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) are interesting materials because they exhibit large recoverable strain (up to 10%) and fast response time (higher than 1 kHz). MSMAs are composed of martensitic variants with tetragonal unit cells and a magnetization vector that is approximately aligned with the short side of the unit cell in the absence of an external applied magnetic field. These variants reorient either to align the magnetization vector with an applied magnetic field or to align the short side of the unit cell with an applied compressive stress. This reorientation leads to a mechanical strain and an overall change in the material's magnetization, allowing MSMAs to be used as actuators, sensors, and power harvesters. This paper builds upon the work of Kiefer and Lagoudas as well as improvements proposed by LaMaster et al. to present a thermodynamic-based continuum model able to predict the response of an MSMA to any three-dimensional (3D) magneto-mechanical loading. The 3D nature of the model requires that the three variants, associated with the three axes of an MSMA single crystal, should all be allowed to evolve. In addition, this model includes evolution rules for the three magnetic domain volume fractions and the rotation of the direction of the magnetization vectors in each variant based on thermodynamic requirements.
KW - Magnetic shape memory alloys
KW - ferromagnetic shape memory alloys
KW - magneto-mechanical
KW - thermodynamic based model
KW - three-dimensional
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U2 - 10.1177/1045389X14546655
DO - 10.1177/1045389X14546655
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84925614954
SN - 1045-389X
VL - 26
SP - 663
EP - 679
JO - Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures
JF - Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures
IS - 6
ER -